in earlier times it was possible to find a single individual who was a philosopher, an astronomer, a physicist, a mathematician, a biologist and an artist all at the same time. there have been several great thinkers proficient and knowledgeable in more than one field of human endeavour. slowly, as knowledge expanded, specialization became inevitable and the modern scholar of today knows a tremendous amount but in a very narrow area of his or her specialization. our view of the outside world, as well as the inner world of our consciousness, has become more and more fragmented, divided, partial. a holistic understanding of life, of external phenomena as well as our own psyche, has become virtually impossible because our education and training place blinkers on our vision and permanently programme our brains to see only from a certain point of view. a perception of the total reality has therefore become extremely difficult and rare. in fact we take it for granted that this is inevitable, even desirable, and therefore categorize human beings as scientists, religious men, philosophers, romantics, psychologists, doctors, engineers and so on, not to mention the numerous sub-divisions under each of these categories.
Flawed democracies are nations where elections are fair and free and basic civil liberties are honoured but may have issues (e.g. media freedom infringement and minor suppression of political opposition and critics). ... Authoritarian regimes are nations where political pluralism has vanished or is extremely limited.
sonnet. xxv summary
in earlier times it was possible to find a single individual who was a philosopher, an astronomer, a physicist, a mathematician, a biologist and an artist all at the same time. there have been several great thinkers proficient and knowledgeable in more than one field of human endeavour. slowly, as knowledge expanded, specialization became inevitable and the modern scholar of today knows a tremendous amount but in a very narrow area of his or her specialization. our view of the outside world, as well as the inner world of our consciousness, has become more and more fragmented, divided, partial. a holistic understanding of life, of external phenomena as well as our own psyche, has become virtually impossible because our education and training place blinkers on our vision and permanently programme our brains to see only from a certain point of view. a perception of the total reality has therefore become extremely difficult and rare. in fact we take it for granted that this is inevitable, even desirable, and therefore categorize human beings as scientists, religious men, philosophers, romantics, psychologists, doctors, engineers and so on, not to mention the numerous sub-divisions under each of these categories.
answer:
Flawed democracies are nations where elections are fair and free and basic civil liberties are honoured but may have issues (e.g. media freedom infringement and minor suppression of political opposition and critics). ... Authoritarian regimes are nations where political pluralism has vanished or is extremely limited.
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